Friday, 27 April 2012

Section B: Institutions and Audiences TIPS AND REVISION NOTES!

"successful media products depend as much upon marketing and distribution to a specific audience as they do upon good production practices' to what extent would you agree with this statement, within the media area you have studied?"

choose one area. make reference to others:
  • film
  • media 
  • music
  • radio
  • magazine
  • video games




  • Read questions properly- don't just go on about the case studies, but actually APPLY them to the question!
  • Balanced view on statements- good/bad point BUT ... 
  • don't have to stick to our case studies in particular- can use other films/products as examples
  • discuss types of distribution that have changed over time
  • MARKETING- adverts/social media/word of mouth/radio broadcasting or interviews/ having reviews being written up e.g. hunger games- massive on tumblr, twitter and facebook- people generated marketing.. generates sales for the cinema
  • avatar- creating your own avatar (big on photoshop- still popular) 
  • SYNERGY- *look up word* reinforcing film/idea without being direct, made by fans or outside people not paid to do it
  • Avatar- various trailers e.g. love story, sci-fi moments, fighting- targets different audiences. THE SUN wrote about love story, technology magazine spoke about the animations.
  • ALWAYS ABOUT COMPARISONS e.g. digital/anologue marketing e.g. buses and billboards compared to television adverts and youtube videos/ big producers/smaller producers, ways of distribution.
  • Film festivals- a good way to get people interested in low budget film
  • CONVERGENCE, SYNERGY (things that link to film and market it), HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL INTEGRATION. (look these terms up)

Film Industry


  • Assumptions that the U.K has a low cinema attendence. could be because of, for example.... netflix- massive for distribution rights, streaming straight to you, fairly new- illegal downloads/piracy.
  • YOUTUBE- used a a distribution AND marketing tool- people can be discovered this way. 
  • Technological convergence- being able to watch films using different products e.g. watching a film on your iphone, internet televisions, youtube. makes people able to learn, watch and take part in the whole process- SUPPORT WITH EXAMPLES!!!
  • media convergence- lots of digital outlets that lead to the same products
  • specifically say how iphones, ipads, blueray, downloading, sony psp's etc. links to film for example, if there is a game involved. 
  • Movies- freely available online (sometimes illegally) however distributors aim to promote the 'cinema experience'. 
  • VIRAL CAMPAIGNS! (research films)


















Wednesday, 4 April 2012

A Touch Of Frost- Disability Representation

In this extract, the way the disabled character Billy is represented is quite stereotypical. This could be because the show the clip is from 'a touch of frost' is generally targeted at an older audience; primarily middle aged males and females. The way that Billy is represented shows how people of this age e.g. frost, or older usually talk to people with disabilities. When frost says 'yes we know' in a very slow and calm voice, it almost seems as if he is trying to get Billy to stop repeating himself because he is making himself look silly, when really you could relate to Billy's repetition because of the fear he is under.

In the beginning when the police spot Billy in the forest, the camera is filming from next to where Billy is standing so that you can see all of the flashlights turn towards him at the same time. What makes this interesting is that they are also standing on higher ground than him. You know that even when he runs, he has no chance because he is outnumbered. This creates sympathy for him and the camera angle which is looking up at all of these police men helps to show how helpless Billy is in this situation. This links to the fact that he is disabled because you can physically see the deformation of his face which indicates his downs syndrome. If we didn't see his face, then we probably wouldn't feel as sorry for him.

Another camera angles used, the over the shoulder shot, helps the audience focus on one character at a time so you can see their facial expressions properly and their reactions to each other. This also highlights their differences, both in speech, expression and physical appearance. For example, the fact that Frost is dressed smart and looks clean and well is a contrast to how vulnerable Billy looks with his simple clothing and wounds from when the police hit him. He is made to look 'simple' physically which also makes him seem simple minded.


The Hunger Games- Case Study

Production


  •     The film started off with an initial budget of $75 million,however the final budget was reported to be between $90 and $100 million, which was then reduced to $78 million after subsidies.
  •     The movie was shot on film as opposed to digital due (in part) to the tightness of the schedule; as Ross (director) said in a interview with the New York Times, "I didn’t want to run the risk of the technical issues that often come with shooting digitally — we simply couldn’t afford any delays.
  •      Lions Gate Entertainment acquired worldwide distribution rights in March 2009 with Nina Jacobson's production company Color Force
  •      Collins (author) adapted the novel for film herself, and her script was revised by screenwriter Billy Ray.
  •      Gary Ross became the director in November 2010
  •      In the United States, the movie was granted a PG-13 rating from the Motion Picture Association of America(MPAA) for "intense violent thematic material and disturbing images - all involving teens".
  • ·      The film has been rated 12A by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) in the UK for "intense threat, moderate violence and occasional gory moments". To achieve that rating, Lionsgate had to cut or substitute seven seconds of film by "digitally removing blood splashes and the sight of blood on wounds and weapons.
Gary Ross- Director

Marketing


  •       A Twitter account was created for The Capitol, referencing the central city in the story. According to Forbes, the account @TheCapitolPN acted as a "welcoming site to Panem, the Capitol, and its 12 Districts."
  •      Often tweeting stories, warnings and encouragement in character.

"Hunger Games" have been mentioned about 1 million times just in the last month on Twitter, according to real-time tracking site Topsy.


  •      The Tumblr site Capitol Couture was created to blog the style of characters in the film, as well as inspirational designs. There's even a guide for what to wear to a fictional Hunger Games.


  •       The film and television check-in app GetGlue offered stickers for the 13 districts, characters and opening weekend. Stickers are unlocked by checking-on opening weekend.

  •    The Hunger Games is one of those rarities now referred to as a “four-quadrant” film: a motion picture destined to appeal to women aged 25 and over, women under 25, men 25 and over, and men under 25. It is first and foremost a great story about survival and rebellion featuring young characters (appealing to the under-25 crowd). It features thrilling action (male audience appeal), a love triangle (female audience appeal) and a fascinating and enthralling plot that transports audiences to another world (broad over-25 appeal). Lionsgate recognized areas of crossover and then fine-tuned certain initiatives to each of those four quadrants.





Distribution

The distribution company for The Hunger Games is LIONSGATE.
Lionsgate is a leading global entertainment company with a strong and diversified presence in motion picture production and distribution, television programming and syndication, home entertainment, family entertainment, digital distribution. New channel platforms and international distribution and sales. The Company has built a strong television presence in production of prime time cable and broadcast network series, distribution and syndication of programming and an array of channel assets. Lionsgate currently has 15 shows on more than 10 networks spanning its prime time production, distribution and syndication businesses, including such critically-acclaimed hits as the multiple Emmy Award-winning "Mad Men", "Weeds" and "Nurse Jackie" along with the comedy "Blue Mountain State,"

Its feature film business has been fueled by such recent successes as THE LINCOLN LAWYER, TYLER PERRY'S MADEA'S BIG HAPPY FAMILY, THE LAST EXORCISM and the critically-acclaimed PRECIOUS, which won two Academy Awards®. With the January 2012 acquisition of Summit Entertainment, the Comany now has the two leading young adult franchises - the blockbuster TWILIGHT SAGA, which has grossed more than $2.5 billion at the worldwide box office, and the HUNGER GAMES franchise, whose first film will be released on March 23.
Lionsgate's home entertainment business is an industry leader in box office-to-DVD and box office-to-VOD revenue conversion rate. Lionsgate handles a prestigious and prolific library of approximately 13,000 motion picture and television titles that is an important source of recurring revenue and serves as the foundation for the growth of the Company's core businesses. The Lionsgate and Summit brands remain synonymous with original, daring, quality entertainment in markets around the world.




Consumption
  •  The hunger games was shown mainly in 2D cinema’s- all multiplex cinema’s seeing as though it was a huge blockbuster film. Although it did not have a budget as big as most other blockbuster films, it was a long awaited film which had a lot of speculation and there were high expectations for it to do well in the box office.
  • It was also shown in very few IMAX theatre’s to gain a 3D experience. This was not widely available in many countries.
  • The U.S premiere was at midnight. The film made $19.7 million overnight to make it the highest-grossing midnight opener ever for a non-sequel.
  • It made $15 million from pre-ordered tickets.
  • Overall, it made $155 million in the opening weekend worldwide and at the midnight screening.
  • As the film is still in the cinema, I cannot state what its overall takings were however it has already topped many records.